Table 1.
Summary of GAC effects on blackwater quality in the integrated system. Shown are mean ± S.D. (range) values for each parameter indicated in all disinfection trials run between 40 and 120 UDE under each condition, n = 14 (CON and PRE), n = 11 (PRE + POST). *, **, and *** indicate p < 0.05, 0.01, and 0.001, respectively, compared with CON;+and +++ indicate p < 0.05 and 0.001, respectively, compared with PRE. Significance determined by one-way ANOVA with a Tukey's multiple comparison test. Note: data from CON samples shown for reference were included in a prior report (Hawkins et al., 2018). NTU: Nephlometric Turbidity Units; MPN0: microbe counts in the liquid coming into the process tank prior to electrochemical disinfection.
| CON | PRE | PRE + POST | |
|---|---|---|---|
| conductivity (mS/cm) | 15.38 ± 2.45 (12.16–19.33) | 16.80 ± 1.01 (14.75–18.31) | 15.04 ± 0.79+(14.01–16.44) |
| total solids (mg/L) | 5656 ± 749 (4380–7090) | 5171 ± 390 (4332–5858) | 3648 ± 447 ***,+++ (2843–4346) |
| total suspended solids (mg/L) | 297 ± 107 (90–470) | 209 ± 65 * (123–331) | 138 ± 55 *** (52–216) |
| turbidity (NTU) | 344 ± 127 (173–555) | 208 ± 42 *** (155–309) | 155 ± 24 *** (106–192) |
| COD (mg/L) | 2714 ± 374 (1864–3274) | 1097 ± 247 *** (504–1464) | 845 ± 123 *** (579–983) |
| color (Pt/Co units) | >1500 | 228 ± 97 *** (50–400) | 86 ± 33 ***, +++ (25–150) |
| log MPN0/ml | 6.67 ± 1.22 (3.97–8.04) | 4.20 ± 2.43 ** (1.36–8.04) | 2.35 ± 0.55 ***,+ (1.63–3.48) |