Sub-acoustic-diffraction PA imaging based on statistical fluctuation of PA signals and blind speckle illumination. (A) Experimental setup of fluctuation PA imaging with multiple speckle illumination. The blind-speckle illumination PAM has a similar scheme; (B) photography of sample (left), mean PA image over 100 speckle realizations (middle), and variance PA image (right). Figures adopted with permission from (25); (C) 1D demonstration with blind-speckle illumination PAM. Figures adopted with permission from (13); (D) a 2D image (right) obtained by blind-speckle illumination PAM, compared to photography of sample (left), mean PA image (middle). Figures adopted with permission from (26). PA, photoacoustic; PAM, photoacoustic microscopy.