Table 3.

Prevalence of metabolic syndrome by demographic and clinical risk factors.

	Un-weighted	ATP III	IDF
Age group
15–29	831	4.71	6.06
30–44	1,410	18.3	19.43
45–69	1,488	29.97	28.27
P-value		<0.001	<0.001
Gender
Male	1,190	15.30	13.42
Female	2,539	15.43	18.10
P-value		0.923	0.002
Level of education
No formal schooling	1,662	17.87	19.01
Primary	917	15.5	16.43
Secondary	705	15.39	14.31
Higher	445	11.05	11.80
P-value		0.021	<0.001
Marital status
Never married	299	3.79	3.19
Currently married	3,222	17.83	18.66
Divorced/Widowed/Separated	207	22.52	19.99
P-value		<0.001	<0.001
Caste/ethnicity
Dalits	317	15.31	17.11
Disadvantaged Janajatis	1,165	13.29	13.05
Disadvantaged non-Dalit Terai caste groups	296	10.99	12.39
Religious minorities	46	25.25	16.32
Relatively advantaged Janajatis	287	23.04	23.70
Upper caste groups	1,618	16.12	16.83
P-value		0.007	0.020
Ecological zone
Mountain	260	12.45	5.56
Hill	1,568	19.09	18.36
Terai	1,901	12.65	14.96
P-value		0.002	0.001
Place of residence
Rural	3,022	13.42	13.75
Urban	707	23.42	24.36
P-value		<0.001	<0.001
Current smoking
No	3,051	15.68	16.69
Yes	678	13.99	12.00
P-value		0.405	0.012
Harmful use of alcohol
No	3,663	15.25	15.96
Yes	66	20.72	9.23
P-value		<0.458	0.196
Insufficient fruit and vegetable intake
No	43	12.84	17.83
Yes	3,686	15.39	15.79
P-value		0.665	0.786
Low physical activity
No	3,580	15.04	15.71
Yes	133	24.95	18.87
P-value		0.011	0.403
Abnormal waist hip ratio
No	1,056	7.3	2.94
Yes	2,673	20.93	24.70
P-value		<0.001	<0.001
BMI category
<25	2,773	8.76	6.85
25-<30	763	33.83	43.84
≥30	193	61.2	64.71
P-value		<0.001	<0.001
Total	3,729	15.36	15.82