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. 2018 Oct 9;8:15039. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-33280-7

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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A potential application of the ELV-SWATH-MS workflow as a multiplex biomarker screening assay. A panel of 20 biomarkers consisting of proteins related to urinary extracellular vesicles (a) and candidate urine biomarkers (b) was applied for targeted data extraction of ELVs, MVs and UP samples. Based on expression data in this panel, three ELV replicates were classified out of the MV and UP samples by unsupervised principal component analysis (left panel) and hierarchical clustering (right panel) (c). This result supported future development of multiplex biomarker screening assay as a part of quality control in urinary ELV isolation.