Figure 2.

Chemotactic activity of P1 and P3 with or without conjugation of copper (Cu) for human HEK293 cells and rabbit basophil leukemia cell line RBL transected with human FPR2 and FPR1. Different concentrations of P3 or P3 in a 1:1 molar ratio with Cu²⁺ in 27 μl of assay medium (per well) were seeded in the lower wells of the chemotaxis chamber. Cell suspensions(1.8 × 10⁶ ml, 50 μl/well) were placed in the upper wells. The upper and lower wells were separated by 10 μm-pore size polycarbonate filters. After incubation at 37 °C for 240 min, the filters were harvested, and migrated cells were counted under light microscopy. The results are expressed as the mean (±S.D.) of the chemotaxis index (CI), denoting the fold increase in migrated cells in response to stimulants versus control (C). The control consisted of the media used to assay the cells (cells responded in the presence of assay medium only). The experiments were performed at least three times in triplicate, with a representative set of triplicates being shown. W peptide (W), MMK-1 (M), and fMLF (f) were used as positive controls for FPR1/2, FPR2, and FPR1 activation respectively. * indicates significantly increased cell responses to chemoattractants compared with the control (p < 0.01).