. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Oct 9.

Published in final edited form as: J Am Coll Cardiol. 2018 Oct 9;72(15):1856–1869. doi: 10.1016/j.jacc.2018.07.071

Table 1.

Summary of the GLP-1 RA and SGLT2-i cardiovascular outcome trials.

Trial	EMPA-REG	CANVAS	LEADER	SUSTAIN-6
Agent	Empagliflozin	Canagliflozin	Liraglutide	Semaglutide
N	7020	10142	9340	3297
Follow-up (median)	3.1 years	2.4 years	3.8 years	2.1 years
Baseline HbA_1c (mean)	8.1%	8.2%	8.7%	8.7%
Primary Outcome	CV Death Nonfatal MI Nonfatal Stroke	CV Death Nonfatal MI Nonfatal Stroke	CV Death Nonfatal MI Nonfatal Stroke	CV Death Nonfatal MI Nonfatal Stroke
HR (95% CI)	0.86 (0.74– 0.99), p=0.04	0.86 (0.75–0.97), p=0.02	0.87 (0.78–0.97) p=0.01	0.74 (0.58–0.95) p=0.02
Adverse Events	Genital infections (male and female)	Amputations, fractures, male genital infections, female mycotic infections, volume depletion	Acute gallstone disease, injection site-reactions, and adverse events leading to drug discontinuation (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, abdominal pain/discomfort, anorexia)	Retinopathy, gastrointestinal disorders, any adverse leading to drug discontinuation (nausea, vomiting, diarrhea in a dose- dependent response)

Abbreviations: HbA_1c, Hemoglobin A1c; HR, Hazard Ratio

Bolded outcome was statistically significant (p<0.05)