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. 2018 Oct 9;8:14999. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-33403-0

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Increased platelet activation in HIV-infected individuals under stable cART. (A,B) The percentage of platelets with P-selectin surface expression (A) and the mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) for P-selectin labeling on platelets (B) were assessed in freshly-isolated platelets from healthy subjects (control) or from HIV-infected individuals under viral control (undetectable HIV-1 viral load in the peripheral blood). (C) Average area of spontaneous spreading on fibrinogen-coated surfaces by platelets from control or HIV-1-infected subjects labeled with phalloidin. Images are representative of eight HIV-infected individuals and healthy volunteers analyzed in parallel. Scale bars represent 10 µm. The horizontal lines on the box plots represent the median, the boxes limits represent the interquartile ranges and the whiskers indicate 5–95 percentile. The dot in panel B represents an outlier (p < 0.05 in Grubbs’ test) that was excluded from statistical analysis. The asterisk (*) signifies p < 0.05 compared to healthy volunteers.