Fig. 12.

Reversal of protein S-bacillithiolation by the bacilliredoxin pathway. (A) In BSH-producing Firmicutes, such as B. subtilis and S. aureus, a bacilliredoxin (Brx) redox pathway is proposed for reduction of S-bacillithiolated proteins. During the reduction of S-bacillithiolated proteins, a Brx-SSB intermediate is generated that could be reduced by BSH leading to oxidized BSSB. The reduction of BSSB may require the NADPH-dependent bacillithiol disulfide reductase YpdA which remains to be elucidated. (B) The crystal structure of BrxA (YphP) (PDB ID: 3FHK) and (C) its active site. The active and resolving Cys residues of Brx are displayed as spheres (B) and sticks (C).

This figure is adapted from [2].