. 2017 Dec 1;64(5):631–639. doi: 10.1093/cz/zox076

Table 2.

Parameter estimates of Markov Chain Monte Carlo generalized linear mixed models for the effects of inbreeding, prenatal and postnatal early life conditions on different parameters of the adult oxidative balance

Parameter		Fixed effects	Estimate	95% CI	P	Estimate	95% CI	P
			Females	Females	Females	Males	Males	Males
Damage (proteins)	Carbonyls^a	Inbreeding	−0.55	[−1.81; 0.69]	0.37	−0.35	[−1.63; 1.02]	0.61
	Carbonyls^a	Postnatal	−0.11	[−1.06; 0.89]	0.81	−0.39	[−1.73; 0.81]	0.55
		Postnatal: Inbreeding	1.38	[−0.09; 2.90]	0.06	1.04	[−0.77; 2.62]	0.23
		Prenatal	−0.24	[−1.28; 0.73]	0.68	0.09	[−1.17; 1.21]	0.88
		Prenatal: Inbreeding	1.35	[−0.15; 2.85]	0.08	0.29	[−1.21; 1.96]	0.73
		Prenatal: Postnatal	0.24	[−1.11; 1.60]	0.75	0.05	[−1.55; 1.46]	0.92
		Prenatal: Postnatal: Inbreeding	−2.65	[−4.71; −0.77]	0.014	−0.15	[−2.29; 1.97]	0.90
		Weight	−0.06	[−0.21; 0.08]	0.45	0.11	[−0.07; 0.26]	0.19
Nitric oxide	NO^a	Inbreeding	1.62	[0.43; 2.99]	0.016	0.26	[−1.12; 1.57]	0.70
	NO^a	Postnatal	1.10	[−0.17; 2.07]	0.07	0.72	[−0.59; 1.95]	0.26
		Postnatal: Inbreeding	−1.75	[−3.29; −0.20]	0.032	−0.72	[−2.45; 0.86]	0.37
		Prenatal	1.08	[0.08; 2.21]	0.05	0.07	[−1.16; 1.17]	0.92
		Prenatal: Inbreeding	−2.24	[−3.61; −0.70]	0.012	−0.35	[−2.06; 1.12]	0.65
		Prenatal: Postnatal	−1.49	[−3.17; −0.03]	0.07	0.42	[−1.00; 2.02]	0.57
		Prenatal: Postnatal: Inbreeding	2.25	[0.38; 4.49]	0.040	0.06	[−1.84; 2.60]	0.94
		Weight	0.00	[−0.18; 0.16]	1.00	0.05	[−0.13; 0.19]	0.57
Enzymatic antioxidants	GPX	Inbreeding	−1.82	[−3.13; −0.51]	0.006	0.07	[−1.05; 1.03]	0.90
		Postnatal	−0.43	[−1.46; 0.55]	0.39	−0.22	[−1.29; 0.95]	0.72
		Postnatal: Inbreeding	1.89	[0.21; 3.25]	0.026	0.14	[−1.01; 1.45]	0.86
		Prenatal	−0.03	[−1.04; 1.13]	0.93	0.24	[−0.74; 1.25]	0.65
		Prenatal: Inbreeding	1.26	[−0.23; 2.78]	0.12	−0.48	[−1.67; 0.77]	0.44
		Prenatal: Postnatal	−0.20	[−1.61; 1.32]	0.80	0.09	[−1.41; 1.63]	0.93
		Prenatal: Postnatal: Inbreeding	−1.08	[−3.01; 0.84]	0.26	0.33	[−1.52; 1.77]	0.67
		Weight	0.00	[−0.16; 0.14]	0.94	0.06	[−0.07; 0.22]	0.42
	CAT^b	Inbreeding	−1.21	[−2.43; 0.21]	0.070	0.42	[−0.86; 1.77]	0.49
	CAT^b	Postnatal	−1.06	[−2.19; −0.003]	0.050	−0.03	[−1.19; 1.40]	0.96
		Postnatal: Inbreeding	2.29	[0.62; 3.71]	0.006	−0.95	[−2.48; 0.76]	0.23
		Prenatal	−0.49	[−1.49; 0.72]	0.38	−0.38	[−1.51; 0.73]	0.50
		Prenatal: Inbreeding	0.83	[−0.74; 2.38]	0.30	−0.35	[−1.89; 1.18]	0.63
		Prenatal: Postnatal	1.14	[−0.53; 2.61]	0.18	−0.41	[−2.16; 0.97]	0.56
		Prenatal: Postnatal: Inbreeding	−1.83	[−3.78; 0.31]	0.086	1.57	[−0.54; 3.55]	0.14
		Weight	−0.10	[−0.24; 0.06]	0.21	−0.06	[−0.22; 0.11]	0.47
	SOD	Inbreeding	−1.23	[−2.41; 0.11]	0.058	0.38	[−0.99; 1.66]	0.60
		Postnatal	−0.34	[−1.32; 0.67]	0.50	0.18	[−1.23; 1.57]	0.80
		Postnatal: Inbreeding	1.92	[0.44; 3.60]	0.022	−0.30	[−2.00; 1.35]	0.73
		Prenatal	−0.08	[−1.20; 0.87]	0.89	0.01	[−1.19; 1.21]	0.99
		Prenatal: Inbreeding	1.28	[−0.39; 2.77]	0.13	0.17	[−1.51; 1.76]	0.84
		Prenatal: Postnatal	−0.15	[−1.50; 1.31]	0.81	−0.35	[−2.03; 1.26]	0.67
		Prenatal: Postnatal: Inbreeding	−1.60	[−3.72; 0.40]	0.13	0.23	[−2.04; 2.56]	0.87
		Weight	0.01	[−0.14; 0.16]	0.86	0.03	[−0.15; 0.20]	0.76
Glutathione	GSH/GSSG	Inbreeding	0.10	[−1.28; 1.49]	0.88	0.60	[−0.71; 1.78]	0.38
		Postnatal	0.44	[−0.54; 1.69]	0.43	0.24	[−0.89; 1.53]	0.72
		Postnatal: Inbreeding	−0.23	[−2.10; 1.33]	0.79	−0.21	[−1.77; 1.30]	0.79
		Prenatal	0.42	[−0.81; 1.53]	0.45	0.73	[−0.42; 1.93]	0.22
		Prenatal: Inbreeding	−0.23	[−1.96; 1.26]	0.78	−0.65	[−2.33; 0.82]	0.45
		Prenatal: Postnatal	−0.82	[−2.46; 0.81]	0.30	−0.93	[−2.37; 0.52]	0.20
		Prenatal: Postnatal: Inbreeding	0.96	[−1.33; 2.94]	0.42	0.10	[−2.09; 2.06]	0.90
		Weight	−0.03	[−0.20; 0.14]	0.75	−0.08	[−0.25; 0.07]	0.34

Significant effects in which confidence intervals do not overlap with zero are indicated in bold and P < 0.1 are indicated with italics.

^aMales without 1 outlier.

^bFemales without 1 outlier.