Potential genetic models explaining shared genetic risk between ADHD and educational attainment. Models are non-exclusive.
Circles indicate latent factors representing all of the genetic influences for a disorder, many of which are currently unknown.
Squares indicate measured variables. Dotted lines indicated ADHD-specific effects that may be operational but are not required for
the model to produce the observed shared genetic risk between ADHD and educational attainment.
ADHD=Attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, Edu = educational attainment, Corr. Trait = correlated behavioral or
cognitive traits associated with ADHD, Dys = Dyslexia, ODD=Oppositional Defiant disorder.