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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Oct 10.
Published in final edited form as: Int Rev Neurobiol. 2018 Aug 6;139:407–441. doi: 10.1016/bs.irn.2018.07.021

Table 2.

The Main Effects, Interactions, and Additive Outcomes of the Seven Selected Studies

Study Treatment Treatment Effect Instruction Effect Interaction Additivity
Aslaksen et al. (2015) Lidocaine ✖ ✓ ✓ Superadditive
Atlas et al. (2012) Remifentanil ✓ ✓ ✖ Additive
Berna et al. (2017) Diclofenac ✖ ✖ ✓ Superadditive
Butcher and Carmody (2012) Ibuprofen ✖ ✖ ✖ Additive
Kam-Hansen et al. (2014) Maxalt ✓ ✓ ✖ Additive
Lund et al. (2014) Lidocaine ✓ ✓ ✓ Subadditive
Schenk et al. (2014) Lidocaine/prilocaine ✓ ✖ ✓ Superadditive

A “✓” indicates a statistically significant effect or interaction (P <0.05), while a “✖” indicates an effect or interaction that failed to reach statistical significance (P >0.05).