Table 7.

Adjusted association between acute pain and pain at 6 months after the surgery

	Odds ratio (95% CI)	P-value
Acute pain trajectory
Mild pain cluster	1
Moderate pain cluster	2.31 (0.89, 6.31)	0.092
Severe pain cluster	9.40 (2.73, 37.07)	<0.001*
Age (by 10 years)	1.28 (0.89, 1.16)	0.190
Presurgical pain	3.73 (1.43, 10.36)	<0.009*
Mastectomy
Partial mastectomy	1
Total mastectomy	1.36 (0.44, 4.46)	0.597
ALND	2.17 (0.71, 7.03)	0.182
Chemotherapy	1.80 (0.66, 5.07)	0.260
Radiation therapy	4.53 (1.29, 18.59)	0.025*
ROC-AUC	0.81 (0.73, 0.89)
Acute pain 1 day after the surgery
No/mild pain group	1
Moderate pain group	2.40 (0.97, 6.13)	0.062
Severe pain group	3.26 (0.96, 11.86)	0.063
Age (stratified by 10 years old)	1.18 (0.84, 1.68)	0.330
Presurgical pain	4.50 (1.74, 12.56)	0.002*
Mastectomy
Partial mastectomy	1
Total mastectomy	1.51 (0.51, 4.62)	0.460
ALND	2.92 (1.01, 9.10)	0.054
Chemotherapy	1.80 (0.66, 5.07)	0.260
Radiation therapy	3.84 (1.16, 14.58)	0.036*
ROC-AUC	0.78 (0.69–0.86)

Notes:

^*Indicates statistical significance.

Abbreviations: ALND, axillary lymph node dissection; ROC-AUC, receiver operating curve-area under the curve.