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. 2018 Oct 4;9:2297. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02297

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Copyright © 2018 Sun, Su, Liu, Liu, Gan, Chen and Huang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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AFB₁ promotes swine influenza virus (SIV) replication in multiple cell lines. Cells were infected with SIV (MOI = 1), and then incubated with various concentrations of AFB₁ for 24 h. (A–C) Viral titers. Infectious virus particles were quantified by TCID₅₀. (D–F) Viral M protein mRNA and (G) nucleoprotein (NP) levels were analyzed by qRT-PCR and western blotting, respectively. Data are presented as the means ± SEM of three independent experiments. Significance compared with the SIV control group, ^*P < 0.05 and ^**P < 0.01.