Table 4.

Abridged summary table for combined aerobic and strength exercise interventions, their main outcomes and findings

Article	Intervention	Main outcome measures	Main findings (intervention group vs. control)
Garnaes et al. 63	3× per week supervised. 35‐min aerobic exercise (walking/jogging) at ~80% HRmax. 3× 10 reps squats, push‐ups, diagonal lifts, oblique abdominal crunches. 3× 30‐s plank at the end. Pelvic floor exercise 10 sets of 6–8 s hold.   50‐min home programme 1× per week (same structure as supervised session). Pelvic floor exercises daily	Gestational weight gain	↔ No difference
		Incidence of GDM	↓ Improved
		OGTT	↔ No difference
		Insulin	↔ No difference
		HbA1c	↔ No difference
		HOMA2‐IR	↔ No difference
Sklempe et al. 65	2× per week supervised session. (50–55 min) 20‐min treadmill walking at 65–75% HRmax. Resistance exercise using body weight, elastic bands and 0.5‐kg handheld weight. 6 exercises × 3 sets of 10–15 reps. 3 different routines were used and interchanged. Exercise group was also asked to perform 30‐min brisk walk per day	Post‐intervention average of 3 postprandial measures	↓ Improved
		Fasting glucose	↔ No difference
		Insulin therapy	No participants required insulin therapy

HbA1c, glycated haemoglobin; HOMA‐IR, homeostatic model assessment‐insulin resistance; HRmax, heart rate maximum; HRR, heart rate reserve; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test.