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. 2018 Oct 11;8:15166. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-33513-9

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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CCA-learning depends on multiplicative gain modulation. (a) Learning behavior of the soma (top) and dendrite (bottom) was evaluated for various values of α (multiplicative soma-dendrite coupling) and β (threshold modulation). Red and blue colors refer to CCA-like learning and PCA-like learning, respectively. (b) Learning behavior was evaluated at β = 0 for different values of α in the soma (α_som) and dendrite (α_dnd). (c) Learning behavior was evaluated for the plasticity rules given by Eqs (10) and (11) (BCM theory in which synaptic weights were modified by the product of presynaptic and postsynaptic activities).