Table 4:
Logistic regression models showing the relationship between a patient’s ethnocultural group, patient–clinician concordance, and outcomes of quality of care and patient empowerment
| Characteristic | Quality of care OR (95% CI) |
Patient empowerment OR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Patient’s ethnocultural group | ||
| European descent | Reference (–) | Reference (–) |
| Chinese | 0.24 (0.12–0.48)* | 0.79 (0.42–1.50) |
| South Asian | 0.17 (0.09–0.31)* | 0.60 (0.34–1.06) |
| Indigenous | 0.56 (0.31–1.00) | 1.05 (0.63–1.75) |
| Patient–clinician concordance | ||
| Ethnocultural | 1.11 (0.84–1.48) | 1.11 (0.87–1.42) |
| Language | 1.11 (0.60–2.05) | 0.73 (0.41–1.31) |
| Ethnocultural and language | 1.10 (0.83–1.45) | 1.11 (0.87–1.41) |
| Patient-reported experiences of care | ||
| First contact accessibility | 1.20 (1.09–1.33)* | 1.15 (1.06–1.25) |
| Interpersonal communication | 1.53 (1.27–1.86)* | 1.61 (1.36–1.91) |
| Continuity of care | ||
| Concentrated care with regular provider | 1.97 (1.24–3.11)* | 2.05 (1.38–3.06) |
| Accumulated knowledge | 10.18 (7.72–13.43)* | 3.79 (2.99–4.81) |
| Information transfer | 2.17 (1.64–2.86)* | 2.68 (2.11–3.40) |
| No duplication of tests | 1.05 (0.67–1.63) | 0.68 (0.46–1.02) |
Note: CI = confidence interval, OR = odds ratio (adjusted for patient sociodemographic characteristics [sex, age, level of education, annual household income and born in Canada], self-rated health status, province).
*
Significant (p < 0.05). Responses of quality of care and patient empowerment were recoded into a dichotomous measure, where 0 = never/rarely/sometimes and 1 = usually/always.