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. 2018 Sep 26;9:1417. doi: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01417

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Copyright © 2018 Chen, Escobar-Bravo, Kim, Leiss and Klinkhamer.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Effect of different concentrations of COR in Pst DC3000-derived medium on WFT resistance and JA-associated responses. (A) Silver damage symptoms (mean ± SEM, n = 7) in tomato plants infiltrated with 0.2, 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, or 1.0× concentrations of (1) blank medium, (2) blank medium + coronatine (COR) (0.64 μM), or (3) Pseudomonas syringae pv. tomato DC3000 (Pst DC3000)-derived medium (no viable bacteria, containing 0.64 μM of COR). Plants were infested with western flower thrips (WFT) at 7 days after the initial treatment and evaluated 7 days after WFT infestation. (B) Polyphenol oxidase (PPO) activity (mean ± SEM, n = 5) was measured in the second leaf from the bottom of plants infiltrated with the above described treatments at 7 days after the initial treatment. Different letters indicate significant differences among treatments tested by Fisher’s LSD test at P < 0.05.