. 2018 May 19;26(11):3819–3826. doi: 10.1007/s00520-018-4249-3

Table 3.

Predictive value combining biomarkers

		Bacterial infection		p value^a	Sens (95% CI^b)	Spec (95% CI^b)	PPV (95% CI^c)	NPV (95% CI^c)
		Yes	No	p value^a	Sens (95% CI^b)	Spec (95% CI^b)	PPV (95% CI^c)	NPV (95% CI^c)
IL6 > 60 and PCT > 0.25	T0	14/15	23/49	0.01	93.3% (68.1–99.8)	53.1% (38.3–67.5)	37.8% (30.5–45.8)	96.3% (79.4–99.4)
IL6 > 60 and PCT > 0.25	T1	9/10	12/35	0.002	90.0% (55.5–99.8)	65.7% (47.8–80.9)	42.9% (31.2–55.4)	95.8% (77.9–99.3)
IL6 > 60 or PCT > 0.25	T0	15/15	37/49	0.033	100% (78.2–100)	24.5% (13.3–38.9)	28.8% (25.7–32.3)	100%
IL6 > 60 or PCT > 0.25	T1	10/10	26/35	0.073	100% (69.2–100)	25.7% (12.5–43.3)	27.7% (24.0–31.9)	100%

Combinations of IL-6 and PCT and their predictive value are given at T0 (the time of presentation) and T1 (12 to 24 h after presentation). In the first decision rule, both biomarkers are above the cutoff value. In the second decision rule, either one of the biomarkers is above the cutoff value

IL-6 interleukin-6, PCT procalcitonin, Sens sensitivity, Spec specificity, PPV positive predictive value, NPV negative predictive value, CI confidence interval

^aChi-square test

^bExact Clopper-Pearson CI

^cStandard logit CI