Fig. 2.

Sample MOdified NARanjo Causality Scale for ICSRs (MONARCSi) probability or confidence level for a causal relationship between the drug and adverse event for a drug-event pair. The MONARCSi scores and associated standard deviations are used in a fitted logistic equation (Eq. 3), which calculates the probability of a causal relationship between a drug and an adverse event. The MONARCSi raw scores range between approximately − 20 and 27. The MONARCSi probability scores can range between 0.00 and 1.00 (see Table 4)