Fig. 2. Fecal microbiota composition of the recipient and donor measured by T-RFLP (terminal restriction fragments length polymorphism). Before fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT), Bacteroides fragilis comprised more than two-thirds of the patient's microbiota. The graphs demonstrate that the patient's microbiota composition was quite different from the donor. However, fecal analysis three months after FMT revealed intestinal bacterial flora that was similar to that present in the stool of the donor, that led to clinical remission of ulcerative colitis activity for the subsequent two years.