Table 1.
Main phenotypic profiles of the most common tumours
| Tumour | Markers |
|---|---|
| Breast | GATA3, mammaglobin, GCDFP-15, hormone receptors (oestrogens, progesterone, and androgens), CA 15-3, CK34BE12 |
| Salivary gland | Like breast, GFAP |
| Skin appendages | Like breast, S100 |
| Thyroid | PAX8, TTF1, thyroglobulin |
| Parathyroid | PTH, GATA3, synaptophysin, chromogranin A |
| Lung (non-mucinous adenocarcinoma) | TTF1, napsin A, CEA |
| Lung (mucinous adenocarcinoma) | TTF1, napsin A, CDX2, SATB2-, cadherin 17-, CEA |
| Cervix (squamous cell) | p40, p63, p16, HPV + , PAX8, 34BE12 |
| Endocervix | CEA, p16, ER/PR-, HPV + , PAX8, vimentin- |
| Endometrium | PAX8, ER/PR, vimentin, CEA-, WT1-, CA 125 |
| Ovary/fallopian tube (serous) | PAX8, WT1, ER/PR, vimentin, CA 125 |
| Ovary (endometrioid) | PAX8, ER/PR, vimentin, CA 125 |
| Ovary (mucinous) | PAX8, CDX2, WT1-, SATB2-, cadherin 17-, TTF1- |
| Mesothelium | calretinin, WT1, CK5/6, vimentin, podoplanin (D2-40), CEA- |
| Colon/rectum | CDX2, SATB2, cadherin 17, villin, AMACR, CEA, CA 19-9 |
| Small intestine | CDX2, cadherin 17, SATB± |
| Pancreas/bile ducts | CDX2, CK17, cadherin 17, SATB2 ± , CEA, CA 19-9, DPC4- |
| Stomach | CDX2, CK17-, cadherin 17, SATB± |
| Liver | arginase-1, Hep Par1, glypican 3 |
| Kidney | PAX8, RCC, carbonic anhydrase IX, glutathione reductase, vimentin, CD10, AMACR, c-KIT |
| Adrenal | SF1, melan-A, inhibin alpha, synaptophysin, chromogranin A, calretinin |
| Prostate | NKX3, PSA, AMACR, AR, prostatic acid phosphatase |
| Squamous cell carcinomas | p40, p63, 34BE12, p16/p53, HPV, MMP-13 |
| Transitional cell carcinomas | p40, p63, GATA3, uroplakin II, S100P, CK34BE12 + , CK8/18 |
| Myoepithelial carcinomas | p63, CK34BE12, myosin, EMA, S100, GFAP, CD10 |
| Neuroendocrine tumours | synaptophysin, chromogranin A, CD56/CD57, PGP9.5, neurofilaments |
Underlining indicates markers recommended for their greater specificity and usefulness