Fig. 2.

Analysis of CIDs stratified by GOLD 2016 groups^a. ^aClassified by criteria presented in GOLD 2016 update [29]; definition included percent predicted FEV₁ as a severity marker (i.e., patients could be included in Group D with an FEV₁ < 50% predicted). *HR and 95% CI based on a time to first event analysis using a Cox’s proportional hazards model. CI confidence interval, CID clinically important deterioration, FEV₁ forced expiratory volume in 1 s, HR hazard ratio, ICS/LABA inhaled corticosteroid/long-acting β₂-agonist, SGRQ St George’s Respiratory Questionnaire, UMEC umeclidinium