Table 2.

Standardized bootstrap estimates and 95% bias-corrected confidence intervals for direct, indirect, and total effects

			BC 95% CI
Effect	β	SE	CIlower	CIupper
Effects from HP to depressive symptoms
Direct	0.279	0.095	0.113	0.485
Total indirect	0.063	0.071	−0.099	0.183
Specific indirect
HP → Affection → Depressive symptoms	−0.080	0.039	−0.181	−0.019
HP → Pressure → Depressive symptoms	0.143	0.040	0.070	0.231
Total: Direct + Total indirect	0.342	0.056	0.234	0.454
Effects from HP to life satisfaction
Direct	−0.026	0.092	−0.227	0.138
Total indirect	0.176	0.080	0.044	0.370
Specific indirect
HP → Affection → Life satisfaction	0.201	0.049	0.124	0.320
HP → Pressure → Life satisfaction	−0.024	0.044	−0.108	0.066
Total: Direct + Total indirect	0.150	0.057	0.040	0.263

HP = helicopter parenting, affection = parent–child affection, pressure = pressure from parental career expectations