Table 1.
Antiretroviral (ARV) drugs detected, HIV viral load, and HIV drug resistance in the subset of HIV-infected participants who had ARV drugs or resistance mutations detected.*
| Status | Study visit | ARV drugs detected | Viral load | Mutations detected | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| NNRTI | NRTI | NNRTI | NRTI | |||
| HIV infected at Enrollment (ARV drugs detected) |
Enrollment | EFV | 3TC, TFV | 68 | -- | -- |
| Enrollment | NVP | 3TC, TFV | <40 | -- | -- | |
| Enrollment | NVP | 3TC, ZDV | <40 | -- | -- | |
| Enrollment | EFV | 3TC | <40 | -- | -- | |
| Enrollment | EFV | 3TC | <40 | -- | -- | |
| Enrollment | NVP | 3TC | 9,968 | A98G, K101E, Y181C, G190A | M184V | |
| Enrollment | EFV | None | 164,089 | K103N, P225H | M184V | |
| Enrollment | EFV | None | 388,773 | K101E, K103N, P225H | M184V | |
| Enrollment | NVP | None | 7,425 | A98G, K103N, Y181C | M184V | |
| Enrollment | None | 3TC | 36,062 | V106M | A62V, M184I/V | |
| HIV infected at Enrollment (no drugs detected) |
Enrollment | None | None | 119,267 | K103N | -- |
| Enrollment | None | None | 73,392 | V106M | -- | |
| Enrollment | None | None | 1,263 | Y181C | -- | |
| Enrollment | None | None | 15,225 | G190A | -- | |
| HIV infected after enrollment (ARV drugs detected) |
Year 1 | EFV | TFV, 3TC | <40 | -- | -- |
| Year 1 | EFV | TFV, 3TC | 475 | No sample | No sample | |
| Year 1 | EFV | TFV, 3TC | 56 | -- | -- | |
| Year 1 | EFV | TFV, FTC | 4,188 | --a | --a | |
| Year 2 | EFV | None | 137 | -- | -- | |
| Year 3 | EFV | TFV, FTC | 207 | -- | -- | |
| Graduation | EFV | TFV, 3TC | <40 | -- | -- | |
| Post-Grad | EFV | TFV, FTC | 766 | K103N | --a | |
| Post-Grad | EFV | TFV, FTC | 181 | -- | -- | |
| Post-Grad | EFV | TFV, FTC | 71 | -- | -- | |
| Post-Grad | EFV | TFV, FTC | <40 | -- | -- | |
| Post-Grad | EFV | TFV, FTC | <40 | -- | -- | |
| Post-Grad | EFV | TFV, FTC | <40 | -- | -- | |
| Post-Grad | EFV | FTC | <40 | -- | -- | |
| Post-Grad | EFV | FTC | <40 | -- | -- | |
| Post-Grad | EFV | None | 85 | -- | -- | |
| HIV infected after enrollment (no drugs detected) |
Year 1 | None | None | 22,247 | K103N | -- |
| Year 2 | None | None | 3,664 | K103N | -- | |
| Year 2 | None | None | 8,860 | V179E, Y181C | D67N, K70E | |
| Year 3 | None | None | 10,159 | K103N | -- | |
| Year 3 | None | None | 94,359 | K103N | -- | |
| Graduation | None | None | 91,235 | V106M | -- | |
| Post-grad | None | None | 11,872 | K103N | -- | |
| Post-grad | None | None | 50,037 | K103N | -- | |
The table shows laboratory data from the subset of 38 HIV-infected participants who had one or more antiretroviral (ARV) drugs detected or had one or more HIV drug resistance mutations detected. This included 14 participants who were HIV-infected at study enrollment (10 with ARV drugs detected; 4 with no ARV drugs detected) and 24 participants who acquired HIV infection after enrollment (16 with ARV drugs detected; 8 with no ARV drugs detected). Samples were collected at enrollment or at the first HIV-positive visit (Study visit). Years 1, 2, and 3 indicate the visit type (years after enrollment). Graduation indicates a visit that occurred at the expected graduation date. Post-grad indicates a visit that occurred after 1–2 years after the expected graduation date. HIV genotyping was performed for the 19 samples that had HIV viral loads ≥400 copies/mL; one sample was not available for testing. Major resistance mutations (shown in bold) were detected in 18 (94.7%) of the 19 samples with genotyping results. NNRTI and NRTI resistance mutations are shown; PI resistance mutations were not detected. Accessory mutations are shown in italics. Viral load data are shown as copies/mL.
These women were at risk of having additional resistance mutations.
Abbreviations: ARV: antiretroviral; NNRTI; non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor; NRTI: nucleoside/nucleotide reverse transcriptase inhibitor; PI: protease inhibitor; EFV: efavirenz; NVP: nevirapine; 3TC: lamivudine; TFV: tenofovir.