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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2019 Nov 1.
Published in final edited form as: Wiley Interdiscip Rev Nanomed Nanobiotechnol. 2018 May 24;10(6):e1522. doi: 10.1002/wnan.1522

Figure 7. Droplet based detection of single-cell biomarkers.

Figure 7

(A) An integrated amplification-free platform for genetic detection of pathogens was developed. Single cells of E. coli were co-encapsulated with peptide nucleic acid beacons, complimentary to a specific region within the 16S rRNA of the pathogen. Following on-chip thermal lysis, rRNA release, and probe hybridization, droplet fluorescence was detected and used to quantify pathogen load within a sample. (Reproduced from (Tushar D. Rane et al., 2012) with permission of The Royal Society of Chemistry). (B) An enzyme-tagged antibody was used to detect the typically low-abundance cell-surface protein biomarker CCR5 (a co-receptor in HIV-1 infection) in U937 cells. (Reprinted from (Joensson et al., 2009) with permission from John Wiley and Sons).