Table 3.
Molecular markers of P. falciparum anti-malarial resistance
| Genes | SNP | Wild-type | Mutant |
|---|---|---|---|
|
Pfmdr1
Multi-drug resistance |
N86Y | 8 (47.0%) | 9 (52.9%) |
| L155L (Syn) | 16 (94.1%) | 1 (5.9%) | |
| Y184F | 7 (41.2%) | 10 (58.8%) | |
| S1034C | 17 (100.0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| N1042D | 17 (100.0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| D1246Y | 15 (88.2%) | 2 (11.8%) | |
|
Pfdhps
Sulfadoxine |
S436A | 12 (70.6%) | 5 (29.4%) |
| A437G | 14 (82.3%) | 3 (17.6%) | |
| K540E | 17 (100.0%) | 0 (0%) | |
| A581G | 16 (94.1%) | 1 (5.9%) | |
| A613S | 15 (88.2%) | 2 (11.8%) | |
|
Pfcrt
Chloroquine |
M74I | 2 (11.8%) | 15 (88.2%) |
| N75E | 2 (11.8%) | 15 (88.2%) | |
| K76T | 2 (11.8%) | 15 (88.2%) | |
| I77I (Syn) | 16 (94.1%) | 1 (5.9%) | |
| I103I (Syn) | 16 (94.1%) | 1 (5.9%) | |
|
K13
Artemisinin |
V510V (Syn) | 16 (94.1%) | 1 (5.9%) |
SNP single nucleotide polymorphisms, Syn synonymous mutation (no amino acid change)