. 2018 Sep 18;108(4):784–792. doi: 10.1093/ajcn/nqy177

TABLE 4.

Plasma β-carotene, lycopene and β-apo-13-carotenone at baseline (week 0), and 2 and 4 wk after control, high-β-carotene, or high-lycopene tomato juice interventions¹

Time of testing	Control (n = 11), nmol/L	High-β-carotene tomato juice (n = 12), nmol/L	High-lycopene tomato juice (n = 12), nmol/L
Plasma β-carotene
Week 0	451 ± 267^a	675 ± 484^a	484 ± 259^a
Week 2	399 ± 174^a	2840 ± 1090^b	508 ± 272^a
Week 4	356 ± 163^a	3180 ± 1300^b	616 ± 711^a
Plasma lycopene
Week 0	436 ± 143^a	469 ± 151^a	437 ± 123^a
Week 2	356 ± 74.3^a	503 ± 138^a	1310 ± 290^b
Week 4	253 ± 67.4^a	580 ± 503^a	1400 ± 352^b
Plasma β-apo-13-carotenone
Week 0	0.28 ± 0.10^a	0.37 ± 0.17^a,b	0.30 ± 0.07^a
Week 2	0.28 ± 0.10^a	0.51 ± 0.20^b	0.30 ± 0.08^a
Week 4	0.46 ± 0.11^a,b	1.01 ± 0.27^c	0.53 ± 0.13^b

Values are means ± SDs. Different superscript letters denote statistically significant differences (P < 0.05), according to 2-way ANOVA with Tukey's post-hoc test, of treatment and time within each carotenoid or apocarotenoid.