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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2018 Oct 14.
Published in final edited form as: Curr Cancer Drug Targets. 2018;18(2):153–161. doi: 10.2174/1568009617666170222123925

Figure 2. Control mechanisms of oncolytic adenovirus.

Figure 2

(A). Deletion type CRAds: this type of CRAd has a mutation/deletion in a region crucial for viral replication. While cancer cells possess the cellular environment to compensate the missing function of the virus, normal cells do not have that capability. For example, ONYX-015 (dl1520) and AdΔ24 were designed to replicate only in p53 and pRb mutated cells, respectively. (B). Selective promoter-based CRAd: A tumor/tissue specific promoter controls the expression of viral genes crucial for replication. As a result, the virus can replicate only in cells in which the promoter is active. By using a promoter with a tumor-ON/normal cell-OFF profile, the replication can be restricted to cancer cells.