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Subjects baseline characteristics
| Variables | Total (n=170) |
|---|---|
| Sex | |
| M:F | 98:72 (M, 57.6%) |
| Age (year) | |
| Mean ± SD | 42.9±14.6 |
| Range | 20–79 (median 42) |
| Duration of symptoms (month) | |
| Mean | 16.4±17.8 |
| Range | 6–72 (median 6) |
| Levels of target disc (case) | |
| L1/2 | 1 |
| L2/3 | 1 |
| L3/4 | 10 |
| L4/5 | 86 |
| L5/S1 | 72 |
| Pfirrmann grading of disc degeneration | |
| II | 4 |
| III | 71 |
| IV | 95 |
| Herniation type | |
| Protrusion | 24 |
| Extrusion | 146 |
Abbreviations: M, male; F, female.
