Table 1.
Main characteristics of all studies included in the meta-analysis
| Study | Year | Patient source | Number of patients | Tumor types | Method | Sample | Cutoff | Outcome | M/U | HR (95% CI) | Quality |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| |||||||||||
| Stiekema et al7 | 2017 | Netherlands | 88 | EC | ECLIA | Blood | 60 pmol/L for women <40 years, 75 pmol/L for patients between 40 and 60 years of age, and 90 pmol/L for patients >60 years of age | OS | M | 7.37 (2.16–25.1) | 9 |
| Orsaria et al14 | 2016 | Italy | 105 | OC | IHC | Tissue | H-score value >1 | OS | M | 1.82 (0.81–4) | 8 |
| Aarenstrup Karlsen et al8 | 2016 | Denmark | 198 | OC | IHC | Tissue | – | OS | U | 1.44 (1.01–2.0) | 8 |
| PFS | 1.49 (1.06–2.11) | ||||||||||
| Lan et al15 | 2015 | People’s Republic of China | 218 | LC | EIA | Blood | 20.5 ng/mL | OS | M | 3.78 (2.23–7.34) | 8 |
| Deng et al16 | 2015 | People’s Republic of China | 65 | EC | IHC | Tissue | – | OS | U | 2.51 (0.66–9.53) | 7 |
| Li et al17 | 2015 | People’s Republic of China | 102 | EC | IHC | Tissue | H-score value >2 | OS | U | 1.85 (0.37–9.28) | 6 |
| Lee et al18 | 2015 | United States of America | 53 | OC | – | Tissue | – | OS | U | 1.72 (0.87–3.46) | 6 |
| Lamy et al9 | 2015 | France | 346 | LC | EIA | Blood | 140 pm | OS | U | 1.96 (1.53–2.53) | 8 |
| Guo et al19 | 2015 | United States of America | 243 | GC | IHC | Tissue | H-score value >1 | OS | U | 1.62 (1.00–2.62) | 7 |
| Lou et al20 | 2014 | United States of America | 153 | LC | EIA | Blood | 65–83 pm | OS | U | 1.08 (0.87–1.36) | 6 |
| PFS | 0.95 (0.78–1.17) | ||||||||||
| Jiang et al21 | 2014 | People’s Republic of China | 100 | LC | EIA | Blood | 7.26 ng/mL | OS | M | 3.65 (2.75–11.98) | 7 |
| Brennan et al22 | 2014 | Australia | 373 | EC | CMIA | Blood | H-score >75% | DFS | M | 2.40 (1.19–4.38) | 9 |
| Zhang et al23 | 2014 | People’s Republic of China | 191 | LC | EIA | Blood | 91.63 pmol/L | OS | M | 2.15 (1.49–3.12) | 7 |
| Braicu et al24 | 2014 | Germany | 73 | OC | ECLIA | Blood | 250 pm | OS | U | 3.33 (1.03–10.7) | 6 |
| Zheng et al25 | 2013 | People’s Republic of China | 112 | OC | EIA | Blood | 415.5 pmol/L | OS | U | 2.17 (1.11–4.23) | 8 |
| Liu et al26 | 2013 | People’s Republic of China | 169 | LC | EIA | Blood | 83.90 pm | OS | M | 2.2 (0.8–5.9) | 7 |
| Zanotti et al27 | 2012 | Italy | 190 | EC | CMIA | Blood | 51 pm | OS | M | 2.78 (1.16–6.63) | 9 |
| DFS | 2.49 (1.13–5.49) | ||||||||||
| PFS | 2.66 (1.10–6.45) | ||||||||||
| Yamashita et al28 | 2012 | Japan | 74 | LC | EIA | Blood | 50.3 pm | DFS | U | 3.28 (0.57–18.84) | 7 |
| Trudel et al29 | 2012 | Canada | 136 | OC | CMIA | Blood | 394 pmol/L | OS | M | 1.67 (1.08–2.59) | 9 |
| PFS | 1.32 (0.87–1.99) | ||||||||||
| Mutz-Dehbalaie et al30 | 2012 | Austria | 183 | EC | CMIA | Blood | 81 pmol/L | OS | M | 2.41 (1.17–4.97) | 8 |
| DFS | 1.59 (0.82–3.08) | ||||||||||
| Kong et al31 | 2012 | Korea | 80 | OC | EIA | Blood | 98.7 pm | PFS | M | 1.47 (1.02–2.1) | 8 |
| Kalapotharakos et al32 | 2012 | Sweden | 312 | OC | EIA | Blood | 405 pm | OS | M | 2.02 (1.1–3.8) | 9 |
| Hu et al33 | 2012 | People’s Republic of China | 76 | OC | EIA | Blood | 208 pmol/L | PFS | U | 1.72 (0.92–3.21) | 6 |
| Steffensen et al34 | 2011 | Denmark | 139 | OC | EIA | Blood | 140 pm | OS | M | 3.17 (1.41–7.10) | 9 |
| PFS | 1.77 (1.03–3.04) | ||||||||||
| Yamashita et al35 | 2011 | Japan | 137 | LC | IHC | Tissue | H-score >75% | OS | M | 5.5 (1.8–17.2) | 8 |
| DFS | 3.7 (1.7–8.4) | ||||||||||
| Paek et al36 | 2011 | Korea | 45 | OC | EIA | Blood | 70 pm | PFS | M | 2.24 (1.14–6.84) | 8 |
| Han et al37 | 2011 | United States of America | 23 | OC | EIA | Blood | 74 pm | PFS | U | 1.97 (0.61–6.39) | 7 |
| Bignotti et al38 | 2011 | Italy | 153 | EC | EIA | Blood | – | OS | U | 3.74 (0.43–32.45) | 8 |
| PFS | 1.78 (0.30–10.44) | ||||||||||
| DFS | 2.43 (0.87–6.77) | ||||||||||
| Bandiera et al39 | 2011 | Italy | 98 | OC | CMIA | Blood | 43.8 pm | OS | M | 3.98 (1.35–11.75) | 8 |
| DFS | 2.46 (1.09–5.56) | ||||||||||
| PFS | 2.77 (1.12–6.85) | ||||||||||
Abbreviations: M, multivariate analysis; U, univariate analysis; HR, hazard ratio; EC, endometrial cancer; OC, ovarian cancer; LC, lung cancer; GC, gastric cancer; ECLIA, electrochemiluminescence immunoassay assay; IHC, immunohistochemistry; EIA, enzyme immunoassay assay; CMIA, chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay; OS, overall survival; DFS, disease-free survival; PFS, progression-free survival.