Table 2.

Changes in gait kinematics from baseline to the 24-week follow-up (mean ± SD).

Variable	Group	Baseline	24 weeks	Within group		Between group
				Effect size (95%CI)	p	Effect size (95%CI)	p
Gait velocity (cm/s)	TG	135.72 ± 12.98	140.24 ± 11.82	4.52(0.52–8.52)	0.029	8.40(1.62–15.18)	0.01
	CG	130.34 ± 10.93	131.84 ± 10.98	1.50(−2.14to5.16)	0.401
Step lengtha(cm)	TG	65.61 ± 4.49	67.39 ± 3.95	1.78(0.70–2.87)	0.002	3.52(1.21–5.83)	0.004
	CG	63.65 ± 2.87	63.87 ± 3.83	0.22(−1.03to1.47)	0.722
Initial contact angle of knee jointb(°)	TG	2.56 ± 3.10	5.23 ± 2.50	2.67(1.30–4.03)	0.001	2.19(0.52–3.87)	0.012
	CG	2.64 ± 3.61	3.04 ± 3.11	0.39(−0.08to0.87)	0.102
Maximal angle of knee jointc(°)	TG	18.01 ± 3.65	21.03 ± 2.78	3.02(1.93–4.11)	<0.001	2.61(0.97–4.24)	0.003
	CG	17.55 ± 3.66	18.42 ± 2.74	0.87(0.26–1.49)	0.008

Abbreviations: CG = control group; CI = confidence interval; TG = Tai Ji Quan group.

^aThe distance between the point of initial contact of one foot and that of the opposite foot.

^bMeasured at the moment when the foot strikes the ground.

^cMeasured for the maximal angle for 1 leg during the stance phase.