Table 3. Overview about studies investigated perceptual-cognitive factors and their empirical evidence.
Objective 1 | Objective 2 | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Participants | Measurement Methods | Design and Statistical Analysis | Empirical Evidence | ||||||||
Study | Size (N) | Development stage | Performance level T1 | Investigated predictor variable | Diagnostic | Criterion variable (Selection level T2) | Prognostic period | Dimension of domains | Procedures | Significant predictor variable | Significant effect sizes between groups (reconstructed if not given) |
Forsman et al. (2016) | 114 | U16-U19 | youth academies Finland | positioning and deciding, knowing about ball actions, knowing about others, acting in changing situations | TACSIS | professional (elite vs. sub-elite) | 4 years | multidimensional | logistic regression, t-test | acting in changing situations | d = 0.50* |
Huijgen et al. (2014) | 113 | U16-U19 | youth academy Netherlands | positioning and deciding, knowing about ball actions, knowing about others, acting in changing situations | TACSIS | continue playing level (selected vs. deselected) | < 1 year | multidimensional | MANCOVA, Post-hoc; Discriminant analysis | positioning and deciding | d = 0.63* |
Kannekens et al. (2011) | 105 | U16-U19 | youth academy Netherlands | positioning and deciding, knowing about ball actions, knowing about others, acting in changing situations | TACSIS | professional (professional vs. amateur) | 3–5 years | unidimensional | Logistic regression | positioning and deciding | d = 0.43* |
O'Connor et al. (2016) | 127 | U12-U15 | talent development programme Australia | decision-making, anticipation, situational probability, pattern recognition | video-based assessment | scholarship for an elite player residential programme (selected vs. deselected) | < 1 year | unidimensional | ANOVA Chi-Square analysis Stepwise discriminant analysis |
decision-making | d = 0.81* |
Note.
*p < 0.05.