Table 3.

Crude and adjusted hazard ratios (95% confidence interval) of hearing impairment for dementia in subgroup analysis according to age.

Hazard ratios	Severe hearing impairment				Profound hearing impairment
	Crude	P-value	Adjusted†	P-value	Crude	P-value	Adjusted†	P-value
Dementia	Age < 65 years old (n = 11,115)				Age < 65 years old (n = 2,940)
	1.46 (1.06–2.11)	0.020*	1.26 (0.92–1.74)	0.115	2.23 (1.19–4.19)	0.013*	2.34 (1.22–4.49)	0.010*
Dementia	Age ≥ 65 years old (n = 11,045)				Age ≥ 65 years old (n = 1,850)
	1.25 (1.10–1.41)	0.001*	1.16 (1.02–1.32)	0.021*	1.34 (0.98–1.84)	0.063	1.38 (1.01–1.90)	0.043*

*Cox-proportional hazard regression model in hearing impairment group compared to control, Significance at P < 0.05.

^†Adjusted model for age, sex, income, region of residence, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, dyslipidemia, ischemic heart disease, cerebral stroke, and depression histories.