Fig. 1. DHA-37 induces cell death in a more efficient way than DHA does.

a Chemical structure of DHA (dihydroartemisinin), 9-OH DHA, and DHA-37. b Diferent human cancer cell lines were treated with 10 μM DHA or DHA-37 for 48 h. Cell viability was assessed by MTT assay. c Different lung cancer cell lines were treated with 10 μM DHA-37 for 48 h and then the cell viability was measured by MTT assay. d A549 cells were treated with DHA-37 at indicated concentrations for 12, 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. Cell viability was measured as above. e, f A549 cells were treated with indicated concentrations of DHA-37 for 24 h and then cells were analyzed by flow cytometry. Gates M1, M2, and M3 indicated G0/G1 phase, S phase, and G2/M phase, respectively. The data are presented as the mean ± SD of three independent experiments. *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01