Fig. 1.

The hierarchical and multidimensional conceptualisation of an empowering social environment: hypothesised associations with SDT referenced motivational processes, daily MVPA engagement, and adiposity status. Signs (+/−) indicate the direction of hypothesised associations. Lower order dimensions are modelled here for illustrative purposes. Only the higher order variable of perceptions of an empowering motivational climate was included in the hypothesised model. BF% = percent body fat; MVPA =  moderate-to-vigorous physical activity; SDT = self-determination theory.