Table 1.

Clinical features of 4 cases of EDKA.

		Blood glucose	Urine ketone	β-HDB	PH	TG	Scr	Precipitating factors	Effective remedy
Case 1	Type 1 DM	10.4	3+	/	7.12	0.94	42	Reduced insulin dose, poor appetite, sufficient drinking of water	Insulin along with supply of glucose
Case 2	Type 2 DM (new onset)	9.0	3+	/	7.15	1.71	78	Clozapine, poor food intake	Insulin along with increased intake of carbohydrate
Case 3	Type 2 DM in pregnancy	6.7	4+	4.2	7.31	0.62	45	Pregnancy	Insulin along with supply of glucose
Case 4	Type 2 DM with UGIH	9.7	3+	3.1	7.25	1.50	65	Intercurrent illness, discontinuation of insulin pump therapy	Insulin along with supply of glucose

Blood glucose (mmol/l). β-HDB: β-hydroxybutyric (mmol/l); TG: plasma triglyceride (mmol/l); Scr: serum creatinine (μmol/l); UGIH: upper gastrointestinal hemorrhage.