Table 4.
Absolute incidence rates, incidence rate differences (attributable risks), and population attributable risks of cardiovascular outcomes
| Variables | Estimated incidence rate* in patients with atopic eczema | Hazard ratio (99% CI)† | Inverse hazard ratio (99% CI)‡ | Estimated incidence rate* (99% CI) in patients without atopic eczema | Estimated incidence rate difference* (99% CI) | Estimated population attributable risk (%) (99% CI)§ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Primary outcomes | ||||||
| Myocardial infarction | 205 | 1.06 (0.98 to 1.15) | 0.94 (0.87 to 1.02) | 193 (178 to 209) | 12 (−4 to 27) | 0.6 (−0.2 to 1.5) |
| Unstable angina | 89 | 1.25 (1.11 to 1.41) | 0.80 (0.71 to 0.90) | 71 (63 to 80) | 18 (9 to 26) | 2.4 (1.1 to 3.9) |
| Heart failure | 248 | 1.19 (1.10 to 1.30) | 0.84 (0.77 to 0.91) | 208 (191 to 226) | 40 (22 to 57) | 1.9 (1.0 to 2.9) |
| Atrial fibrillation | 366 | 1.11 (1.04 to 1.18) | 0.90 (0.85 to 0.96) | 329 (311 to 351) | 37 (15 to 55) | 1.1 (0.4 to 1.8) |
| Stroke | 276 | 1.10 (1.02 to 1.19) | 0.91 (0.84 to 0.98) | 251 (232 to 270) | 25 (6 to 44) | 1.0 (0.2 to 1.9) |
| Cardiovascular death | 440 | 0.98 (0.92 to 1.06) | 1.02 (0.94 to 1.09) | 449 (414 to 480) | −9 (−40 to 26) | −0.2 (−0.8 to 0.6) |
| Secondary outcome | ||||||
| Coronary revascularisation | 179 | 1.14 (1.05 to 1.24) | 0.88 (0.81 to 0.95) | 158 (145 to 170) | 21 (9 to 34) | 1.4 (0.5 to 2.3) |
*
Per 100 000 person years
†
Adjusted for current calendar period (1997-99, 2000-04, 2005-09, 2010-15), time since diagnosis (0-4, 5-9, 10-14, 15-19, ≥20 years), index of multiple deprivation at cohort entry, and time-varying asthma.
‡
Comparing patients without atopic eczema to patients with atopic eczema.
§
Estimated as P(HR-1)/(1+P(HR-1)) where P, the prevalence of atopic eczema, is assumed to be 10% and HR is the estimated hazard ratio‡.17