Table 1.

Solubility (ng/mL for DW and mg/mL for the others) of 20S-PPD in various vehicles (n = 3)

Phase	Vehicle	Solubility
Water	DW	36.8 ± 4.83
Oil	Capmul MCM EP	10.6 ± 1.44
	Lauroglycol CC	6.87 ± 0.380
	Labrafac CC	3.80 ± 0.820
Surfactant	Labrasol	8.63 ± 1.78
	Tween 20	5.37 ± 0.887
	Isopropyl myristate	2.53 ± 0.734
	Limonene	1.54 ± 0.258
	PEG 400	0.0152 ± 0.00487

DW, distilled water; 20S-PPD, 20(S)-protopanaxadiol.