Table 2.

Linear regression results for Schedule II opioid prescriptions, 1993–2014; coefficients (95% confidence intervals).

	Logged number of opioid prescription dispensed per quarter per 100 Medicaid enrollees		Logged oral morphine milligram equivalents per quarter per 100 Medicaid enrollees		Logged Medicaid spending on opioid prescriptions per quarter per 100 Medicaid enrollees
	Model 1	Model 2	Model 1	Model 2	Model 1	Model 2
Medical cannabis Legalization in effect	−0.15 (−0.43, 0.14) P = 0.32	−0.17 (−0.45, 0.12) P = 0.24	−0.060 (−0.33, 0.21) P = 0.66	−0.071 (−0.35, 0.20) P = 0.61	−0.10 (−0.39, 0.20) P = 0.52	−0.12 (−0.41, 0.18) P = 0.44
Having active medical cannabis dispensaries	NA	0.39 (−0.072, 0.85) P = 0.096	NA	0.23 (−0.18, 0.64) P = 0.26	NA	0.40 (−0.10, 0.91) P = 0.12
Cannabis Decriminalization in effect	0.13 (−0.34, 0.61) P = 0.57	0.084 (−0.40, 0.57) P = 0.73	0.18 (−0.34, 0.70) P = 0.48	0.15 (−0.38, 0.69) P = 0.56	0.43 (−0.33, 1.19) P = 0.26	0.38 (−0.34, 1.10) P = 0.30
Recreational cannabis Legalization in effect	0.18 (−0.26, 0.62) P = 0.43	0.32 (−0.18, 0.83) P = 0.21	0.31 (−1.18, 0.56) P = 0.48	−0.22 (−1.15, 0.71) P = 0.64	−0.11 (−0.52, 0.30) P = 0.60	0.043 (−0.37, 0.46) P = 0.83

Data were analyzed at state-quarter level. All regressions also controlled for Prescription Drug Monitoring Program in effect, Medicaid expansion as part of affordable care act, median household income, number of active physicians per 1000 population, poverty rate, unemployment rate, state indicators, year indicators, quarter indicators and state-specific time trends before and after 2006. Standard errors were clustered at state level. Please see full regression results in Supporting information, Table S2. NA = not available.