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a, b Karnofsky Performance Score (KPS) at three points of measurement and Kd in relation to the patient’s age (50 years vs. 50–70 years vs. > 70 years), K1 = preoperative; K2 = 3–6 months postoperative; K3 = 1 year postoperative; Kd = difference between K3 and K1.
