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. 2018 Oct 10;11:375. doi: 10.3389/fnmol.2018.00375

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Copyright © 2018 Margineanu, Mahmood, Fiumelli and Magistretti.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Functional analysis of genes differentially expressed in response to L-lactate after 1 h. (A) GO plots showing enrichment of biological processes and molecular functions for the genes differentially expressed after 1 h stimulation with L-lactate (135 genes, q-value < 0.1, three biological replicates, n = 3 independent cultures). Statistical significance for the enriched terms is based on the multiple testing-corrected p-value, which is color-coded. The number of genes associated with each respective term is indicated by the dot size. (B) A detailed KEGG graph of the MAPK signaling pathway with genes modulated by L-lactate at 1 h highlighted in green indicating that they are up-regulated. Dusp10 and Gadd45g are not indicated on the pathway map. Genes highlighted in red are genes down-regulated in the co-treatment condition with MK801 and L-lactate. (C) Bar plot showing fold enrichment of specific transcription factor binding sites in the promoters of genes modulated by L-lactate at 1 h (FDR < 0.001). Z-score is the main enrichment indicator and is obtained by dividing the rate of occurrence of a TFBS in the target set of genes to the expected rate estimated from the pre-computed background. The Fisher score is calculated as the negative natural logarithm of the one-tailed Fisher exact probability.