Table 3.
Anatomical region | Cluster volume (mm3) | x | y | z | Maximum T score | β |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
RSA | ||||||
Left ventral anterior insulab | 1312 | −41 | 12 | −15 | 5.41 | 0.79 |
Left inferior temporal lobeb | 448 | −32 | 2 | −36 | 4.96 | 0.59 |
Right parahippocampal gyrus | 320 | 15 | 11 | −30 | 4.50 | 0.63 |
Left parahippocampal gyrusb | 168 | −14 | 8 | −26 | 4.28 | 0.68 |
SCL | ||||||
Left inferior temporal gyrusb,c | 6120 | −51 | −21 | −27 | 6.57 | 0.77 |
Left temporal poleb | 1528 | −33 | 9 | −50 | 5.02 | 0.72 |
Right fusiform gyrusb | 1200 | 27 | −15 | −41 | 5.05 | 0.69 |
Left precentral gyrus | 1160 | −41 | −18 | 59 | 4.31 | 0.75 |
Left dorsal mid-insulab | 1088 | −36 | 14 | 15 | 7.08 | 0.61 |
Left orbitofrontal cortexb | 1080 | −21 | 18 | −16 | 4.71 | 0.65 |
Left orbitofrontal cortexb | 1080 | −18 | 47 | −21 | 5.34 | 0.67 |
Right orbitofrontal cortexb | 912 | 26 | 21 | −11 | 5.16 | 0.54 |
Right frontal poleb | 880 | 8 | 71 | 14 | 5.77 | 0.81 |
Right frontal pole | 776 | −15 | 69 | −11 | 5.38 | 0.67 |
Left parahippocampal gyrusb | 712 | −11 | −8 | −35 | 5.60 | 0.79 |
Right middle frontal gyrusb | 672 | 50 | 14 | 51 | 6.20 | 0.89 |
Left superior frontal gyrus | 600 | −17 | 41 | 51 | 4.65 | 0.81 |
Right postcentral gyrus | 584 | 23 | −30 | 74 | 4.25 | 0.76 |
Right precentral gyrusb | 496 | 44 | −20 | 60 | 4.30 | 0.69 |
Left precuneus | 424 | −17 | −41 | 71 | 4.94 | 0.70 |
Left frontal poleb | 424 | −38 | 56 | 9 | 4.30 | 0.66 |
Left hypothalamus | 424 | −8 | −5 | −9 | 4.14 | 0.60 |
Left fusiform gyrus | 416 | −33 | −17 | −44 | 4.17 | 0.73 |
Right gyrus rectus | 352 | 9 | 33 | −17 | 4.16 | 0.54 |
Right precentral gyrus | 320 | 35 | −8 | 62 | 4.75 | 0.80 |
Left fusiform gyrus | 304 | 51 | −11 | −29 | 4.33 | 0.60 |
Left inferior parietal lobe | 280 | −47 | −50 | 54 | 4.29 | 0.73 |
Right superior frontal gyrusb | 280 | 23 | 57 | 36 | 5.16 | 0.67 |
Left precentral gyrusb | 264 | −32 | −9 | 63 | 4.33 | 0.77 |
Right cerebellumb | 232 | 35 | −50 | −45 | 4.02 | 0.50 |
Left pars triangularis | 200 | −33 | 33 | 3 | 4.09 | 0.75 |
Right inferior parietal lobe | 192 | 48 | −42 | 59 | 4.38 | 0.66 |
Left supplementary motor area | 160 | −9 | 8 | 65 | 4.61 | 0.63 |
aWhole-brain VBM analyses in patients with bvFTD (controlling for age, sex, and education) revealed that atrophy in many ANS network nodes was associated with lower baseline RSA (n = 21) and SCL (n = 20). MNI coordinates (x, y, z) given for maximum T score for the cluster (cluster size >150 mm3). Results are significant at p < 0.001, uncorrected. To identify the independent neural correlates of PANS and SANS activity, we conducted follow-up VBM analyses when controlling for the opposing autonomic measure (i.e., including SCL as an additional covariate in the RSA VBM analysis and SCL as an additional covariate in the RSA VBM analysis).
bSignificance at p < 0.001, uncorrected, when also controlling for the opposing autonomic measure.
cSignificance at pFWE < 0.05.