Maternal ethanol administration (2 g/kg/d, E10–E15) compared with control solution also affects CCL2 in the LH of the adolescent offspring. A, Ethanol increased mRNA levels of CCL2, measured using qRT-PCR and represented in the figure as mRNA fold change compared with the control group (with average ratio scores given in parentheses), in female (control = 0.249 ± 0.015, ethanol = 0.425 ± 0.031) and male (control = 0.220 ± 0.013, ethanol = 0.305 ± 0.25) offspring (n = 9/group/sex), with this effect stronger in females. B, Ethanol increased the density of CCL2+ cells measured using IF in the LH of female and male offspring (n = 8/group/sex), again with this effect greater in females. C, This effect of ethanol versus control on CCL2+ cells is illustrated in the photomicrographs in female offspring. Scale bar, 200 μm. Data are mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05 versus control group. #p < 0.05 versus male group.