Appendix Table 4.
Association of Patient- and Surgery-Specific Risk with Receipt of Preoperative Testing, Adjusted Analysis Using CCI as Measure of Patient-Specific Risk a
| Odds Ratio (95% CI) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
|
|
|||
| CCI=1 b | CCI≥2 b | Higher-Risk Operations c | |
| Blood Count | 1.27 (1.19, 1.35) | 1.44 (1.27, 1.63) | 2.11 (1.42, 3.12) |
| Metabolic Panel | 1.39 (1.29, 1.50) | 1.56 (1.31, 1.84) | 2.17 (1.46, 3.21) |
| Coagulation Test | 1.28 (1.25, 1.31) | 1.54 (1.35, 1.76) | 3.75 (2.44, 5.76) |
| Urinalysis | 1.17 (1.11, 1.22) | 1.11 (0.76, 1.62) | 3.53 (1.58, 7.90) |
| Electrocardiogram | 1.29 (1.26, 1.32) | 1.33 (1.29, 1.38) | 2.30 (1.81, 2.91) |
| Stress Test | 1.70 (1.47, 1.97) | 2.05 (1.72, 2.44) | 2.59 (2.31, 2.90) |
| Echocardiogram | 1.75 (1.59, 1.93) | 2.56 (2.32, 2.81) | 2.24 (1.96, 2.55) |
| Chest Radiograph | 1.35 (1.30, 1.40) | 1.51 (1.43, 1.59) | 3.42 (3.13, 3.74) |
| Pulmonary Function Test | 4.64 (4.37, 4.93) | 6.33 (5.90, 6.80) | 1.36 (1.01, 1.81) |
Abbreviations: CI – confidence interval; CCI – Charlson Comorbidity Index
a
Logistic regression models included CCI score (0, 1, or ≥ 2), operation risk (higher-risk or lower-risk), and confounders (age, sex, and surgical specialty).
b
reference group is CCI = 0
c
reference group is lower-risk operations