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A Schematic presentation of potential free-energy change profile of aerobic glycolysis (A) and of anaerobic glycolysis (B). The potential free-energy change of pyruvate conversion to lactate dictates that this reaction should proceed regardless of the oxygenation conditions (C). The conversion of pyruvate to lactate also assures the continuous supply of NAD+, an essential component for the cyclical nature of the glycolytic pathway.
