Table 1. Clinical information of mothers and newborns.
| Items | Control (n=14) | GDM_A1 (n=15) | P value | GDM_A2 (n=5) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Maternal characteristics | |||||
| Age (years) | 33.64±5.69 | 36.20±4.49 | 0.189 | 35.60±3.65 | 0.487 |
| Gestational age at delivery (week) | 38.93±0.62 | 38.53±1.06 | 0.229 | 39.00±0.00 | 0.802 |
| Antepartum weight (kg) | 67.85±3.80 | 71.19±6.74 | 0.126 | 71.80±7.36 | 0.148 |
| Gestational weight gain (kg) | 12.58±3.86 | 13.53±6.06 | 0.629 | 11.40±5.37 | 0.609 |
| Pre-pregnancy BMI | 21.67±2.12 | 22.41±2.33 | 0.386 | 23.05±3.18 | 0.295 |
| Antepartum BMI | 26.59±1.66 | 27.71±2.90 | 0.226 | 27.33±1.91 | 0.424 |
| OGTT on an empty stomach (mmol/L) | 4.43±0.34 | 4.85±0.37 | 0.006 | 4.85±0.42 | 0.046 |
| OGTT at postprandial one hour (mmol/L) | 7.90±0.94 | 9.69±1.40 | 0.001 | 10.88±0.43 | <0.001 |
| OGTT at postprandial two hour (mmol/L) | 6.90±0.95 | 8.97±1.16 | <0.001 | 9.46±1.85 | 0.002 |
| Newborn characteristics | |||||
| Weight at birth (kg) | 3.39±0.36 | 3.24±0.55 | 0.387 | 3.35±0.31 | 0.796 |
| Height at birth (cm) | 49.43±1.56 | 49.40±2.59 | 0.972 | 49.20±0.84 | 0.761 |
| Sex ratio at birth (male/female) | 1.80 | 2.75 | 1.50 |
GDM_A1, GDM grade A1; GDM_A2, GDM grade A2; BMI, body mass index; OGTT, Oral Glucose Tolerance Test. Data are expressed as the mean ± SD. The statistically significant difference between the control group and GDM_A1 group or GDM_A2 group are P<0.05.