Table 3.
Descriptive statistics and Health Belief Model of lung cancer screening awareness
| Variable | Average risk (n=1,570) |
High-risk (n=160) |
p-value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Agreea), n (%) | Mean±SD | Agreea), n (%) | Mean±SD | ||
| Perceived susceptibility | |||||
| Chance of getting lung cancer in lifetimeb) | 388 (24.7) | 2.92±0.86 | 60 (37.5) | 3.21±0.77 | < 0.001 |
| Possibility of getting lung cancer compared to similar age groupb) | 360 (22.9) | 2.91±0.83 | 56 (35.0) | 3.23±0.72 | < 0.001 |
| Often worry about getting lung cancerc) | 312 (19.9) | 2.76±0.89 | 40 (25.0) | 2.96±0.92 | 0.012 |
| Perceived severity | |||||
| Lung cancer leads to deathc) | 1,220 (77.7) | 3.68±1.11 | 135 (84.4) | 3.78±0.94 | 0.776 |
| Lung cancer treatment is expensivec) | 1,168 (74.4) | 3.66±0.96 | 120 (75.0) | 3.64±0.85 | 0.483 |
| 5-Year survival is lowc) | 1,037 (66.1) | 3.46±1.09 | 100 (62.5) | 3.36±1.12 | 0.325 |
| Perceived benefits | |||||
| LDCT helps detect and treat lung cancerb) | 1,022 (65.1) | 3.49±0.96 | 108 (67.5) | 3.51±0.82 | 0.932 |
| Perceived barriers | |||||
| Concern about radiation exposure with LDCTb) | 284 (18.1) | 3.26±0.89 | 25 (15.6) | 3.29±0.92 | 0.684 |
| LDCT is painfulb) | 763 (48.6) | 2.76±1.07 | 92 (57.5) | 2.64±1.10 | 0.187 |
| Cues to action | |||||
| Recommended to have lung cancer screeningd) | 121 (7.7) | NA | 23 (14.4) | NA | 0.004 |
| Prior lung cancer screening experienced) | 88 (5.6) | NA | 17 (10.6) | NA | 0.011 |
SD, standard deviation; LDCT, low-dose computed tomography; NA, not applicable.
a)
Number of participants who answered “Agree”/“Somewhat” or “Totally agree”/”Very much”,
b)
Comparing the mean scores between two groups using t test,
c)
Testing differences in the distribution of variables between groups using Mann-Whitney test,
d)
Two-point Likert-type scale; comparing agreement rates between groups using chi-square.