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. 2018 Oct 17;8:15310. doi: 10.1038/s41598-018-33727-x

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© The Author(s) 2018

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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QV formulation reduces glycemia, maintains a positive insulin/glucagon ratio and promote higher survival rate of experimental groups over 30 days. (a) Final glycemia of treated or untreated animals, with QV formulation or insulin. Dashed line shows threshold for animals to be considered diabetic or not (blood glucose concentration ≥16 mmol/L). a: C vs D (p < 0.0001); b: C vs DQV (p < 0.0001); c: C vs DI (p < 0.0001); d: D vs DQV (p < 0.0001); e: D vs DI (p < 0.0001); f: DQV vs DI (p < 0.0001). (b) Fasting blood glucose × Time. (c) Serum insulin levels. a: C vs D (p < 0.0001); b: D vs DQV (p < 0.0001); c: D vs DI (p < 0.0001). (d) Serum glucagon levels. a: C vs D (p = 0.0427); b: C vs DQV (p = 0.0155). (e) Insulin/Glucagon ratio. a: C vs D (p < 0.0001); b: D vs DQV (p = 0.0143); c: D vs DI (p = 0.0255). (f) Survival rate. (Black dashed line indicates group C. Green colored line indicates group D. Blue colored line indicates DQV group. Red colored line indicates group DI). C, control group (n = 6); D, diabetic group (n = 10); DQV, diabetic group treated with QV formulation (n = 14); DI, diabetic group treated with insulin (n = 10). Results expressed as mean ± standard error.