Figure 2.

Innate immune response to systemic inflammation with the addition of the induction of TNAP by supplemented bIAP. The three plots (A,C,E) on the bIAP calibration column show the result of the calibration of the model parameters using data from the bIAP branch of APPIRED II. Data points are shown in red and correspond to the median value of the patients in this branch. The error bar shows the median absolute error. Blue lines correspond to the dynamics of the in silico model after calibration. (A) shows the dynamics of AP in blood (B) shows the dynamics of the pro-inflammatory cytokine represented in the model compared against IL6 data. (C) shows the dynamics of anti-inflammatory cytokines in the model against IL10 data. The three plots (B,D,F) on the placebo validation column show the validation of the model against data from the Placebo branch of APPIRED II. The model is able to predict the dynamics of placebo branch using the parameters calibrated with the data from the bIAP branch. The model predicts a protective effect of AP. As a consequence, the model predicts a greater concentration of pro-inflammatory cytokines in the placebo branch (D). See unit conversion of AP and cytokines from $\frac{molecules}{m{m}^3}$ in Equations (32) and (33) (section 10 of the Supplementary Material) respectively.