Table 4.
Correlations between E. coli concentration, isolation of pathogenic enteric bacteria and detection of HuNoVs.
|
C. jejuni and/or C. coli |
C. lari |
STEC/EPEC |
HuNoV |
E. coli |
||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| + | - | + | - | + | - | + | - | >median∗ | <median∗ | |
| Sample N° | 130 | 375 | 90 | 415 | 89 | 416 | 33 | 117 | 231 | 233 |
| Salmonella + | 30 (23.1%) |
39 (10.4%) |
4 (4.4%) |
65 (15.7%) |
16 (18.0%) |
53 (12.7%) |
0 (0%) |
1 (0.8%) |
52 (76.5%) |
16 (23.5%) |
| Salmonella - | 100 (76.9%) |
336 (89.6%) |
86 (95.6%) |
350 (84.3%) |
73 (82.0%) |
363 (87.3%) |
33 (100%) |
116 (99.2%) |
179 (45.2%) |
217 (54.8%) |
| OR | 2.58 P = 0.0004 | 0.25 P = 0.0089 | 1.50 P = 0.194 | 1.16 P = 0.928 | 3.94 P < 0.0001 | |||||
| RR | 2.21 P = 0.0003 | 0.28 P = 0.0121 | 1.41 P = 0.186 | 1.16 P = 0.928 | 3.28 P < 0.0001 | |||||
| C. jejuni and/or C. coli+ | 22 (24.4%) |
108 (26.0%) |
39 (43.8%) |
91 (21.9%) |
1 (3.0%) |
5 (4.3%) |
58 (45.0%) |
71 (55.0%) |
||
|
C. jejuni and/or C. coli - |
68 (75.6%) |
307 (74.0%) |
50 (56.2%) |
325 (78.1%) |
32 (96.7%) |
112 (95.7%) |
173 (51.6%) |
160 (48.4%) |
||
| OR | 0.92 P = 0.756 | 2.79 P < 0.0001 | 0.70 P = 0.749 | 0.755 P = 0.178 | ||||||
| RR | 0.93 P = 0.757 | 2.00 P < 0.0001 | 0.71 P = 0.750 | 0.82 P = 0.179 | ||||||
| C. lari+ | 14 (15.7%) |
76 (18.3%) |
15 (45.4%) |
30 (25.6%) |
43 (50.0%) |
43 (50.0%) |
||||
| C. lari - | 75 (84.3%) |
340 (81.7%) |
18 (54.5%) |
87 (74.4%) |
188 (49.7%) |
190 (50.3%) |
||||
| OR | 0.83 P = 0.570 | 2.42 P = 0.0309 | 1.01 P = 0.964 | |||||||
| RR | 0.86 P = 0.574 | 1.77 P = 0.0206 | 1.01 P = 0.965 | |||||||
| STEC/EPEC+ | 2 (6.1%) |
9 (7.7%) |
53 (60.9%) |
34 (39.1%) |
||||||
| STEC/EPEC - | 31 (93.9%) |
108 (92.3%) |
178 (47.2%) |
199 (52.8%) |
||||||
| OR | 0.77 P = 0.751 | 1.74 P = 0.022 | ||||||||
| RR | 0.78 P = 0.752 | 1.57 P = 0.0231 | ||||||||
| Sample N∘ | 74 | 76 | ||||||||
| HuNoV+ | 13 (17.6%) |
20 (26.3%) |
||||||||
| HuNoV - | 61 (52.1%) |
56 (47.9%) |
||||||||
| OR | 0.60 P = 0.198 | |||||||||
| RR | 0.67 P = 0.202 | |||||||||
STEC/EPEC data were from Balière et al. (2015).
OR, odds ratio; RR, relative risk, data in bold: positive regulation, data in italics: P-value > 0.05.
∗Samples whose E. coli concentration is greater than, or less than, the median calculated by type of sample (shellfish, river or brackish waters, seawater).